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paranoia
Paranoia is a thought process believed to be heavily influenced by anxiety or fear, often to the point of irrationality and delusion.〔(World English Dictionary ) (Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition, 2009, William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd.) 3. informal sense: ''intense fear or suspicion, esp when unfounded''〕 Paranoid thinking typically includes persecutory, or beliefs of conspiracy concerning a perceived threat towards oneself (e.g. "''Everyone is out to get me''"). Paranoia is distinct from phobias, which also involve irrational fear, but usually no blame. Making false accusations and the general distrust of others also frequently accompany paranoia. For example, an incident most people would view as an accident or coincidence, a paranoid person might believe was intentional.
==History==
The word ''paranoia'' comes from the Greek παράνοια (''paranoia''), "madness",〔(παράνοια ),
Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on perseus Digital Library〕 and that from παρά (''para''), "beside, by"〔(παρά ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on perseus Digital Library〕 and νόος (''noos''), "mind".〔(νόος ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on perseus Digital Library〕 The term was used to describe a mental illness in which a delusional belief is the sole or most prominent feature. In this definition, the belief does not have to be persecutory to be classified as paranoid, so any number of delusional beliefs can be classified as paranoia. For example, a person who has the sole delusional belief that he is an important religious figure would be classified by Kraepelin as having 'pure paranoia'.
According to Michael Phelan, Padraig Wright, and Julian Stern (2000),〔Phelan, Wright, and Stern (2000)〕 paranoia and paraphrenia are debated entities that were detached from dementia praecox by Kraepelin, who explained paranoia as a continuous systematized delusion arising much later in life with no presence of either hallucinations or a deteriorating course, paraphrenia as an identical syndrome to paranoia but with hallucinations. Even at the present time, a delusion need not be suspicious or fearful to be classified as paranoid. A person might be diagnosed as a paranoid schizophrenic without delusions of persecution, simply because their delusions refer mainly to themselves.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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